Nutrition and Diet – Solutions Chapter 7 Balbharti Maharashtra State Board Class 6 Science Notes, Textbook Exercise Important Questions and Answers.
Q.1: Fill in the blanks:
(a) The process of intake of food and utilizing it for all life processes is called ……………. .
Ans: nutrition
(b) All the substances in our food which are useful for various body processes are called ………… .
Ans: nutrients
(c) Carbohydrates and …………. provide …………… to our body.
Ans: fats, energy
(d) In a balanced diet, all the nutrients are present in the ……………. proportion.
Ans: right
(e) In the food pyramid, cereals are given the maximum space because they fulfill our …………… requirement.
Ans: energy
(f) Intake of more food than necessary causes ………….. .
Ans: overnutrition
Q.2: Spot the following in the table of vitamins and minerals.
(a) The nutrient present in citrous fruits.
Ans: Vitamin C
(b) Vitamins/minerals present in milk.
Ans: Vitamin A, Vitamin B, Vitamin D, calcium, phosphorus.
(c) Causes and symptoms of night blindness, scurvy, rickets, beriberi.
Ans:
| Diseases | Causes | Symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| 1. Night blindness | Deficiency of Vitamin A | Inability to see in dim light |
| 2. Scurvy | Deficiency of Vitamin C | Bleeding of gums |
| 3. Rickets | Deficiency of Vitamin D | Softening of bones |
| 4. Beri-beri | Deficiency of Vitamin B1 | Nerve disorder, muscle weakness |
(d) Foods required to prevent the above diseases.
Ans:
| Diseases | Causes | Symptoms | Food for prevention |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Night blindness | Deficiency of Vitamin A | Inability to see in dim light | Carrots, milk, dark green vegetables. |
| 2. Scurvy | Deficiency of Vitamin C | Bleeding of gums | Amla, kiwi, oranges and citrus fruits. |
| 3. Rickets | Deficiency of Vitamin D | Softening of bones | Exposure to sunlight, milk, fish, egg, butter. |
| 4. Beri-beri | Deficiency of Vitamin B1 | Nerve disorder, muscle weakness | Milk, fish, meat, cereals, nuts, pulses |
(e) Causes of Anaemia.
Ans: Deficiency of Vitamin B12, iron.
(f) Essential mineral for healthy bones and teeth.
Ans: Calcium, phosphorus.
(g) Sensory organ affected due to the deficiency of Vitamin A.
Ans: Eyes, skin.
3. Choose the correct alternative.
(a) Pulses are a very good source of ……………. .
(1) carbohydrates
(2) proteins
(3) fats
(4) minerals
Ans: (2) proteins
(b) …………. provide maximum energy to our body.
(1) Cereals
(2) Leafy Vegetables
(3) Water
(4) Amla
Ans: (1) Cereals
(c) Goitre is caused by the deficiency of ……….. .
(1) iron
(2) calcium
(3) iodine
(4) potassium
Ans: (3) iodine
(d) ……….. is a type of junk food.
(1) Orange
(2) Milk
(3) Bhakri
(4) Chocolate
Ans: (4) Chocolate
4. Use the food pyramid to select food items of your choice for three days.
Conditions:
Q. 1. The diet for all three days should be balanced.
2. There should be variety in the items chosen for the three days.
Ans: Day 1: Cereal like cornflakes and milk, apple, roti, vegetable and dal.
Day 2: Bread and butter with milk, rice or roti and chicken, curd, any one type of fruit, salad.
Day 3: Kanda Poha, Green vegetable and dal with rice or roti, raita, one fruit, vegetable sandwich.
