Maharashtra Board Class 6 History Solutions
Class 6 History Chapter 5 Religious Trends in Ancient India Textbook Questions and Answers
Q.1: Fill in the blanks:
Q. 1. The principle of __ is very important in Jainism.
(a) justice, (b) casteism, (c) non-violence
Ans: (c) non-violence
Q.2. An extraordinary feature of Gautam Buddha’s personality is his __ for all living beings.
(a) compassion, (b) satisfaction, (c) anger
Ans: (a) compassion
Q.2: Answer in short:
Q.1. What were the teachings of Vardhaman Mahavir?
Ans: Vardhaman Mahavir taught the people that the greatness of man does not depend on his vama, but on his excellent conduct.
Q.2. Which famous quotes of Gautam Buddha have you read here? What value does it uphold?
Ans: One of the famous quotes of Gautam Buddha is that ‘Even the little quail can chirp freely in her nest’, this quote depicts the values of freedom and equality of his preaching.
Gautam Buddha preached that like men, women too had the right to their own upliftment.
Q.3. What virtues are emphasized in Judaism?
Ans: Judaism emphasizes justice, truth, peace, love, compassion, humility, charity, ethical speech and self-respect.
Q.4. What are the teachings of Christianity?
Ans: According to the teachings of Christianity, we are all brothers and sisters.
We should love everyone even our enemies. We should forgive those who err or go wrong.
Q. 5. What are the teachings of Islam?
Ans: The teachings of Islam is that Allah is eternal, absolute, all powerful and merciful.
The purpose of human existence is to worship Allah. The Quran Sharif provides guidance as to how man should behave in life.
Q.6. What is at the core of Parsee thinking?
Ans: At the core of Parsee thinking are three main principles of conduct, namely, good thoughts, good words and good deeds.
Q.3: Write notes on:
Q.1. Aryasatya
Ans: There are four truths at the root of all human affairs. They are called noble truths or Aryasatyas. Dukha (suffering): There is suffering in the world. The cause of suffering: There is a cause of suffering
Dukkha – nivaran: It is possible to end suffering.
Pratipad: Pratipad means the ‘way’ that leads to the end of suffering.
Q.2. Panchasheel
Ans: Gautam Buddha asked people to follow five rules called Panchasheel.
Stay away from killing animals.
Stay away from stealing.
Stay away from unethical conduct.
Stay away from telling lies.
Stay away from intoxicants.
Q.4: Put the following in the proper place in the chart of the Five Great Vows and the Three Jewels.
Ahimsa
Samyak Darshan
Satya
Asteya
Samyak Jnan
Aparigraha
Samyak Charitra
Brahmacharya
Ans: Five Great Vows Three Jewels
(1) Ahimsa (1) Samyak Darshan
(2) Satya (2) Samyak Jnan
(3) Asteya (3) Samyak Charitra
(4) Aparigraha
(5) Brahmacharya
Q.5: Give reasons:
Q.1. Why was the name ‘Jina’ given to Vardhaman Mahavir?
Ans: Vardhaman Mahavir was called Jina or the Conqueror because the joy derived from physical comforts and the discomforts felt due to undesired things had no impact whatsoever on him.
Q.2. Why did Gautam Buddha came to be called the Buddha?
Ans: Gautam Buddha has attained knowledge of human life in its entirety. That is why he came to be known as the ‘Buddha’.
Q.5: Complete the sentence by choosing the correct option:
Q.1. Towards the end of the Vedic period, the minute details of yajna rites acquired __ importance.
(a) undue, (b) least, (c) much needed.
Ans: (a) undue
Q.2. A person’s social position was decided by the _______ into which he was born rather than by his achievements.
(a) ashrama, (b) varna, (c) Kula
Ans: (b) varna
Q.3. Jainism is one of the ancient ________ in India.
(a) topic, (b) religions, (c) civilization
Ans: (b) religions
Q. 4: Vardhaman Mahavir is the _______ Tirthankar in the jain religious tradition.
(a) 24th, (b) 25th, (c) 26th
Ans: (a) 24th
Q. 5. The principle of is very important in Jainism.
(a) justice, (b) casteism, (c) non-violence
Ans: (c) non-violence
Q.6. : Vardhaman Mahavir was born in _____, a part of Vaishali.
(a) Kundagram, (b) Gaya, (c) Nepal
Ans: (a) Kundagram
Q.7. Vardhaman Mahavir left his house and all comforts for the attainment of _____.
(a) non-violence, (b) knowledge, (c) God
Ans: (b) knowledge
Q.8. Vardhaman is said to be _____ because he had the resilience, the courage to conquer all passions.
(a) victorious, (b) saint, (c) Mahavir
Ans: (c) Mahavir
Q.9. The _____ held by the Tirthankar to preach to people was known as ‘samavasaran’.
(a) procession, (b) meeting, (c) assembly
Ans: (c) assembly
Q.10. Among the teachings of Mahavir, Anekantavada is considered to be very _____ in the quest for truth.
(a) honest, (b) important, (c) nice
Ans: (b) important
Q.11. In the Vedic tradition, the doors of knowledge had slowly been closed to _____.
(a) women, (b) men, (c) children
Ans: (a) women
Q.12. Gautam Buddha delivered his first sermon at _______ near Varanasi.
(a) Harappa, (b) Sarnath, (c) Lumbini
Ans: (b) Sarnath
Q.13. Pratipad means the ‘way’ that leads to the end of ________.
(a) suffering, (b) life, (c) preach
Ans: (a) suffering
Q. 14. Gautam Buddha created a sangha of bhikkhus to __ his religion.
(a) stretch, (b) reach, (c) preach
Ans: (c) preach
Q.15. The sacred fire burns in the temples which is known as _.
(a) Church, (b) Mosque, (c) Agyaris,
Ans: (c) Agyaris
Answer the following in one sentence:
Q.1. How was a person’s social position decided?
Ans: In the latter vedic period, a person’s social position was decided by the vama into which he was bom rather than by his achievements.
Q.2. What led to the establishment of new religions?
Ans: Many people realized that every person is free to find ways of his own upliftment and this led to the establishment of new religions.
Q.3. Where was Vardhaman Mahavir born?
Ans: Vardhaman Mahavir was born in Kundagram, a part of Vaishali in the state of Bihar.
Q.4. After how long did Vardhaman Mahavir attain enlightenment?
Ans: Vardhaman Mahavir attained enlightenment after twelve and a half years of rigorous tapa.
Q.5. What did Jainism lay stress on?
Ans: Jainism laid great stress on good conduct.
Q.6. How do we know that equality was practised in Jainism?
Ans: The assembly held by the Tirthankar to preach to people (samavasaran) was based on equality. People of all varnas had entry to it, hence we know that equality was practised in Jainism.
Q.7. What is Aparigraha?
Ans: Man tends to accumulate property due to greed. Aparigraha means not hoarding or accumulating anything in this way.
Q.8. State the quotes of Vardhaman Mahavir that lay emphasis on his teachings.
Ans: ‘Love all living things’, ‘Have mercy and compassion’, and ‘Live and let live’ are quotes that lay emphasis on his teachings.
Q.9. Where was Gautam Buddha bom?
Ans: Gautam Buddha was bom at Lumbini in Nepal.
Q.10. What does Pratipad mean?
Ans: Pratipad means the ‘way’ that leads to the end of suffering.
Q.11. Which religions took root in Indian society?
Ans: Religions like Judaism, Christianity, Islam and Zoroastrianism took root in the Indian society.
Q.12. What is a Jewish prayer house called?
Ans: A Jewish prayer house is called a synagogue.
Q.13. What is the prayer house of the Christians called?
Ans: The prayer house of the Christians is called ‘a Church’.
Answer in short:
Q.1. State the principle of Tri-ratnas as taught by Vardhaman Mahavir.
Ans: Tri-ratnas are the three jewels or the three principles taught by Vardhaman Mahavir.
Samyak Darshan or Right faith.
Samyak Jnati or Right knowledge.
Samyak Charitra or Right conduct.
Q.2. What is sangha?
Ans: Gautam Buddha created a sangha of Bhikkhus and Bhikkhunis to preach his religion.
These followers, where those who gave up their domestic life and entered the sangha.
They travel on foot like the Buddha to preach Dhamma to the people.
.
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